F Kurt, C Teberik, A Kaya

Abstract

Introduction: Infantile colic (IC) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterised by excessive crying episodes during the first months of life with an unknown aetiology. Despite the absence of identifiable organic pathology, IC may lead to psychological problems such as anxiety and depression, particularly in mothers, and can adversely affect parent-infant interactions. This study aimed to investigate the associations between maternal anxiety levels during pregnancy and the development of infantile colic, as well as the potential influence of certain paternal risk factors. Methodology: In this prospective observational study, a total of 210 mother-infant pairs were evaluated. Maternal gestational age and sociodemographic characteristics were recorded, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was administered during pregnancy. Between the 5th and 8th weeks postpartum, mothers were contacted via telephone to assess signs of infantile colic in their babies. For suspected IC cases, parents were asked to keep a crying diary, and the infants were invited to the clinic for physical examination and laboratory evaluation. Infants meeting Wessel's criteria were diagnosed with IC. Results: Infantile colic was significantly more prevalent among infants whose mothers experienced high levels of anxiety during pregnancy. Furthermore, the incidence of IC was greater in infants whose fathers smoked or consumed alcohol. Mothers who had previously had a child diagnosed with IC reported higher anxiety scores. Cesarean delivery rates were also elevated among mothers with high anxiety levels. Conclusion: This study suggests that maternal anxiety during pregnancy may be a significant risk factor for the development of infantile colic. Additionally, environmental and behavioral factors related to the father may also contribute to the aetiology of IC. These findings highlight the importance of psychosocial interventions targeting both maternal and paternal factors.